Your current location:Home > Latest news text

呵呵

从环境卫生治理到全面社会健康管理——第36个爱国卫生月基层扫描_我的网站

天若有情

A |

China US Photo:VCGAmerican scientists have voiced opposition to a proposed rule which seeks to ban federal funding for US science collaboration with China, saying that it would instead hurt US interest, the Washington Post reported on Tuesday. Chinese experts also warned that the slew of US restrictions on China-US scientific cooperation is unlikely to deal a fatal blow to China's scientific development, but could instead backfire on the US.
The proposed Office of Management and Budget (OMB) rule, set to take effect in December, would mark one of the biggest overhauls of US science funding in decades, giving political appointees greater authority over grant awards previously guided by scientific peer review and requiring that they "advance the President's policy priorities," according to the Washington Post.
It would also effectively expand the 2011 Wolf Amendment, which bars scientists from using NASA funding for bilateral collaborations with China, to all federal agencies and scientists receiving federal funds, marking the largest break in US-China scientific engagement in decades, the US media outlet reported.
So far, the proposed rule has garnered nearly half a million public comments, many from scientists and leading US science bodies. A Washington Post analysis of 50,000 of those comments found that around 88 percent were negative.
The rule, initially set to take effect in October, was pushed back to December after a bipartisan stopgap funding bill temporarily halted its adoption. Unlike the Wolf Amendment, the rule does not require congressional approval to take effect.
"I do think there are still members of Congress who think we have a monopoly on knowledge. They think we're still in the Cold War Soviet era ... where we were ahead in most areas of science and technology. That is not the case with China. We are no longer the leader in many areas of science," said Tobin Smith, senior vice president for government relations and public policy at the Association for American Universities, which advocates on behalf of leading US research universities, per the Washington Post.
Scientists warn that the rule risks subjecting long-term scientific research to four-year political cycles. "We will not succeed if with every new administration we are ping-ponging back and forth about priorities," the American Association for the Advancement of Science said in a blistering comment, urging the administration to withdraw the rule. "Fast-tracking such profound changes ... hands an easy victory to nations like China," it said, the Washington Post reported.
This reflects a fundamental divide between the US government and the scientific community over how science should develop, Wang Yiwei, a professor at Renmin University of China's School of International Studies, told the Global Times. He noted that politicians tend to believe that suppressing China as a competitor would allow the US to preserve its market dominance and technological edge.
Scientists, however, tend to follow a different logic, as scientific progress depends on openness, exchanges and collaboration. If science and technology are driven solely by competition and private capital, with the ultimate goal of maintaining technological monopolies, this could create greater risks and ultimately undermine US interests as well, Wang said.
The proposed rule change is the latest salvo in a broader battle in Washington over how to respond to China's rise as a scientific superpower. In July, the US National Science Foundation (NSF) also moved to ban collaborations between scientist it funds and many Chinese research institutions and their employees, according to Science magazine.
Liu Shaoshan, director of the Center for Embodied AI at the Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society and a former US-based researcher, told the Global Times in a previous interview that the NSF's new proposed rules created a "talent wall," arguing that restrictions based on nationality, institutional affiliation, and research partnerships could reduce the global talent pool available to the US, weaken its ability to attract leading scientists, and slow scientific innovation.
Liu also said scientific advancement relies not only on discovery but also on the exchange, validation, and dissemination of knowledge.
Wang also said China has built significant strengths through its vast pool of scientists and engineers, complete industrial chains and massive application scenarios, while increasingly moving from application-oriented innovation toward original research. Against this backdrop, US technological blockades and restrictions on cooperation are unlikely to halt China's progress, but could instead isolate American scientists from China's latest research and collaboration opportunities. Such an approach could also prevent the two countries from leveraging their respective strengths and ultimately undermine US competitiveness, Wang said.
。七彩的火车轨道、车厢改装的咖啡馆……云南省曲靖市沾益区的“车站记忆”主题公园，是当地居民的网红“打卡地”。

B | 　　曾经，这里杂草丛生、污水横流。以推进爱国卫生专项行动为契机，当地政府协调组织人员，清理垃圾数千吨，废弃的火车站旧貌换新颜，常有医务工作者在此开展健康咨询。　　在这座城市的大街小巷、公园广场，安置有近2万座洗手台，有的还配有直饮水龙头。　　曲靖市市长李先祥说，近年来曲靖先后开展了爱国卫生专项行动，从身边的小事着手，着重解决群众的操心事、揪心事、烦心事。　　今年4月是第36个爱国卫生月。从除四害、治污染，到“绿”城市、“食”安心，再到勤锻炼、管慢病……记者通过在云南、浙江等地的实地采访，感受着爱国卫生运动不断丰富的时代内涵。　　在云南全省，11.7万座洗手台遍布城区，16万多家餐馆、700余个城区农贸市场达到规范标准，新改建城乡厕所超219万座，基层医疗卫生机构慢性病管理服务中心实现乡镇、街道全覆盖……　　云南省卫生健康委副主任许伟说，云南正对照健康中国建设总体要求，结合实际，推动全生命周期健康管理理念贯穿城市规划、建设、管理等环节。

C | 　　浙江台州，3620名基层体育委员在社区健身场所、在城市新建的“口袋公园”，带动居民构建起15分钟社区体育生活圈。　　“通过共建、共治、共享的基层健康治理新格局，我们正在努力破解‘谁去动员’的难题。”台州市爱卫会主任、副市长李昌明说。　　国家卫生健康委4月18日在云南曲靖召开新闻发布会，介绍爱国卫生工作有关情况。新华社记者董瑞丰摄　　河南组织开展“万步有约健康体重”健步走比赛；四川成都开展“健康体重进地铁”活动，在地铁站设置身高、体重测量仪等；云南曲靖由当地妇联牵头，整合卫生健康、教育、体育、民政等多部门力量，充分发挥妇女在促进家庭健康中的独特作用，推选“健康妈妈”，带动“健康家庭”，进而带动“健康社会”……多地跨部门协同，以主题活动牵引，拓宽健康优先的新格局。　　“银发志愿者”“兵哥哥志愿队”“市民观评团”……云南省文山壮族苗族自治州发动市民群众，投身城乡环境整治提升行动。　　“人人参与，共建共享，环境好了，精神面貌也会更好。”副州长田燕说，在全国爱卫办组织的测评中，文山州群众对卫生状况的满意度居全国第一。